How does Charle's law relate to breathing? What is the ideal gas law constant? How do you calculate the ideal gas law constant? How do you find density in the ideal gas law? Does ideal gas law apply to liquids?
Silurian Period The Silurian spans from million years to million years ago. It saw warming from Snowball Earth. This period saw the mass evolution of fish. The first freshwater fish evolved, though arthropods, such as sea scorpions, remained the apex predators.
Fully terrestrial life evolved, which included fungi, and centipedes. The evolution of vascular plants allowed plants to gain a foothold on land. The recent rise in sea levels provided new habitats for many new species. Also known as the Age of the Fish , the Devonian features a huge diversification in fish. On land, plant groups diversified; the first trees and seeds evolved. By the Middle Devonian, shrub-like forests of primitive plants existed. This event allowed the diversification of arthropod life as they took advantage of the new habitat.
The first amphibians also evolved, and the fish were now at the top of the food chain. The extinction seems to have only affected marine life. The causes of these extinctions are unclear. Leading hypotheses include changes in sea level and ocean anoxia lack of oxygen , possibly triggered by global cooling or oceanic volcanism.
Carboniferous Period Spans from million to million years ago. Tropical swamps dominated the Earth, and the large amounts of trees created much of the carbon that became coal deposits hence the name Carboniferous. The high oxygen levels caused by these swamps allowed massive arthropods, normally limited in size by their respiratory systems , to proliferate.
Perhaps the most important evolutionary development of the time was the evolution of amniotic eggs , which allowed amphibians to move farther inland. Amniotic fluid is a clear, slightly yellowish liquid that surrounds the foetus.
Also, the first reptiles evolved in the swamps. Throughout the Carboniferous, there was a cooling pattern, which eventually led to the glaciation of Gondwana as much of it was situated around the south pole. Permian Period Spans from million to million years ago. At its beginning, all continents came together to form the super-continent Pangaea , surrounded by one ocean called Panthalassa.
Reptiles flourished in the new dry climate. Creatures such as Dimetrodon and Edaphosaurus ruled the new continent. English Wikipedia The first conifers evolved, then dominated the terrestrial landscape. Nearing the end of the period, Scutosaurus and gorgonopsids filled the arid landmass. It occurred about Ma million years ago, forming the boundary between the Paleozoic and the Mesozoic eras.
It is the only known mass extinction of insects. Suggested causes include large meteor impact events , massive volcanism such as that of the Siberian Traps , runaway greenhouse effect triggered by the sudden release of methane from the sea floor due to methane-producing microbes known as methanogens.
Possible contributing gradual changes include sea-level change, increasing anoxia, increasing aridity, and a shift in ocean circulation driven by climate change. Mesozoic Era Spans from million to 66 million years ago. There are three periods in the Mesozoic: Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous.
Triassic Period Spans from million to million years ago. It is a transitional time between the Permian Extinction and the lush Jurassic Period. Early Triassic Spans from million to million years ago. Deserts dominated Pangaea not yet broken up; thus the interior was arid. The most common life on Earth was Lystrosaurus, labyrinthodonts, along with many other creatures that managed to survive the Great Dying. The Middle Triassic featured the beginnings of the breakup of Pangaea and the beginning of the Tethys Sea.
The ecosystem had recovered from the devastation of the Great Dying. Phytoplankton, coral, and crustaceans all had recovered, and the reptiles began increasing in size. New aquatic reptiles, such as ichthyosaurs, proliferated in the seas. Meanwhile, on land, pine forests flourished, as well as mosquitoes and fruit flies. The first ancient crocodilians evolved, which sparked competition with the large amphibians. Another mass extinction occurred near the end of the Triassic Period.
The Cenozoic Era was a time in which communities became more modern in appearance. By the very end of the era Neogene Period , Homo sapiens , our species, had evolved. Geological Timescale The oldest fossils are between 3 billion and 3. Paleozoic Era The Paleozoic era begins with the Cambrian radiation, a time of great growth in the number of different kinds of animals in the oceans.
Norman, OK The first Eon of Time is the Hadean Eon. No rock record dating from the Hadean Eon is known on Earth with the exception of the 3. Earth's earliest known life forms are found in rocks dating from the Archean Eon.
The Archean Eon is also referred to as the Archaeozoic Eon. Sedimentary rock deposited in the oceans during the Archean Eon contain microscopic life-forms that have bacterial characteristics. These organisms were among the only living things on Earth for over one billion years.
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