Despite these practical shortcomings, Catholicism has a lot to offer as a source for renewal, far beyond Rerum Novarum , Pope Leo XIII's encyclical and labor-policy platform.
Labor should look to the Church for inspiration: As Pope Benedict XVI noted in a encyclical, Christianity is an "encounter with an event, a person, which gives life a new horizon and a decisive direction. But it also applies to social life and institutions. For example, Christianity largely due to its Jewish heritage opened new horizons for envisioning an economy built on something other than slavery, becoming willing, in the words of Seymour Drescher, to commit "econocide" rather than allow the practice to continue.
If one of the greatest challenges to the labor movement is the modern drive for uniformity and legibility, its response will need to draw from religion as it addresses the complexity of humanity and works to form communities that recognize the value of diversity and solidarity.
Pope Benedict sounded a lot like Ralph Chaplin when he stated in a encyclical, "The sharing of goods and resources, from which authentic development proceeds, is not guaranteed by merely technical progress and relationships of utility, but by the potential of love that overcomes evil with good. Lew Daly of the think tank Demos gets closer to the point than Gehring when he notes that "religious ideas helped to expose, more than resolve, profound tensions in American liberalism around labor issues generally and the place of unions in particular.
It is for this very reason, however, that they are important for new thinking about the decline of collective bargaining, if not for reviving it in the future. Solidarity understood in these terms can't be satisfied by a "more people, more pie" mentality. If unions want to revive solidarity, they must first understand that solidarity without a deeper, religious conception of the whole person is likely to be as stunted as a vision that sees workers as commodities.
In his apostolic exhortation Evangelii Gaudium , Pope Francis notes the possibility of this integrated vision, and how strange it appears to today's divided society:. Again and again, the Church has acted as a mediator in finding solutions to problems affecting peace, social harmony, the land, the defence of life, human and civil rights, and so forth. And how much good has been done by Catholic schools and universities around the world! This is a good thing.
Yet, we find it difficult to make people see that when we raise other questions less palatable to public opinion, we are doing so out of fidelity to precisely the same convictions about human dignity and the common good. If labor wants a revival, it might start with asking itself three of those "other questions less palatable to public opinion.
The first of these questions must be whether the labor movement still considers itself to be pro-family. Labor unions used to be socially conservative institutions. While he rightly notes that this focus often led to policies that placed barriers in front of women who wished to enter the paid workforce, he also shows that the generally "pro-family" slant of the labor movement was instrumental in the economic success of the working class.
Put differently, labor recognized the importance of an integrated communitarianism. Today, that vision has disintegrated as labor has fully embraced the left's preoccupation with identity politics and sexual liberation, rather than advocating for strong families and communities. An additional concern is the widening class divide in marriage: According to recent research by W.
Despite this widespread problem hampering the success of a majority of their constituents, labor unions have abandoned their promotion of intact families among the working class in favor of a focus on liberal orthodoxy. For labor unions to revive themselves, they must reinvest in the strong families that are so important for the economic success of workers. They could start by shifting resources away from national campaigns on issues like the minimum wage and toward policies that address the challenges faced by young families.
Unions could push for fair-scheduling practices that account for the rhythms of normal family life. In industries like food service and retail, for example, unpredictable work schedules can make child-care arrangements exceedingly difficult, in addition to harming marital stability and inhibiting workers from attending church and being active members of their communities.
This is exactly the kind of challenge that a properly community- and member-focused union is designed to address. A second difficult question that must be addressed is whether unions really do value the concerns of local workers more than national politics. AFL-CIO president Trumka was right to note in the interview that power comes when "we become part and parcel of the community and we speak for the community.
The story of labor in recent decades is one of institutional power that has been increasingly centralized in organizations further away from most local communities. Given the finite amount of resources available to unions, it appears that they value the national over the local and the political over the needs of their members. Fixing this, and replacing these practices with a new type of institutional subsidiarity that would make unions part and parcel of their communities, would take a total rethinking of their current structure.
All that lobbying money would pay for hundreds if not thousands of front-line staffers who could assist members and even those who are not unionized who face challenges in the workplace. Such a program would not only be expensive but would also take a great deal of work. The third sensitive question that unions must ask themselves is whether they have a sufficiently "thick" concept of work. As labor has gradually moved away from its religious influences, it has lost a conception of work that is rooted in the fundamental dignity of the worker created in God's image.
Surveying most union constitutions and their webpages leads one to conclude that unions believe in the same things that everyone else believes in: the importance of decent work, decent wages, and the like.
But this vision of work that forms the basis for today's collective bargaining is deficient. It focuses on instrumentality, reducing workers to mere commodities, valuable only insofar as they increase productivity for their employers.
The union's understanding of the purpose of work looks oddly similar to the view usually attributed to management. Time Spiral Candelabra of Tawnos. That alone should be a telling set. Your single best spell in Time Spiral , and your strongest mana engine in Candelabra of Tawnos.
Additionally, you're replacing. Ponder Preordain. With Opt and Impulse. There are some advantages to Impulse for certain, but Opt is widely regarded as an inferior card selection spell. It's worse than Sleight of Hand for the cost with the benefit of instant speed, granted , which is commonly considered far, far worse than either of the above one-mana spells.
Spiral Tide has a difficult time competing with the current stock of Legacy decks — so one must wonder what advantages are gained by going Solidarity rather than sorcery speed. Ignoring all of this, and choosing to play a bad deck anyway is the essence of the Solidarity Fallacy. So, the next question extended must be, under what circumstances can it be correct to play an old deck in a new format?
Are there times when revisiting an old archetype can be beneficial, such as when it's expected to succeed? First, new card printings are the most common way for shifts in the metagame structure to occur. Introducing new cards into the available pool gives players and builders new toys to play with, and naturally these deckbuilders will try to find places for the best of each set to work into decks. Sometimes a set will have very little to offer to Legacy, maybe a single card or two at most in some niche decks, other times a set can revolutionize the shape of the metagame.
Khans of Tarkir fell somewhere on that spectrum much closer to the revolutionary, but once Treasure Cruise was banned it fell further toward the meh.
Next, a new card may not impact your deck directly, but it can Foster a change that creates a more welcoming environment for your deck.
Storm Combo rarely gets any new toys, but the viability of the deck ebbs and flows with the presence of some specific matchups that are punishing for the strategy. We wanted to create a project that pays tribute to the people who have achieved extraordinary things in exceptionally difficult circumstances. And so, Intertype Studio collaborated with Playing card specialist Riffle Shuffle to create this deck. We hope that people gift the cards to people they know who have overcome diversity in difficult times.
We want this deck to be a marker of their strength and determination. Becoming a parent is difficult at the best of times, but during lockdown it got a whole lot tougher. Edit this Page. Edit source History Talk 0. Categories Tournament decks Add category. Cancel Save. Universal Conquest Wiki.
0コメント