Instead, it will only be forwarded to the VMs of that port group. Distributed vSwitches bring the key advantage of scalability, whilst also providing a number of additional features to the standard virtual switch.
Whereas standard vSwitches requires the configuration to be applied to each ESXi host, distributed switches split the management plane and data plane functions, allowing the configuration to be defined within vCenter and pushed out to each of the ESXi hosts.
This provides the advantage of only having to define the uplinks, port group, and vlans just once within the vCenter , therefore reducing time and human error; negating the need to apply the configuration one by one to each ESXi host.
Figure 3 - vDS components. In addition to the features provided by the standard vSwitch, distributed vSwitches also adds the following key features:.
This tunneling, therefore, negates the need to reconfigure the physical network each time a new segment is required. A Transport Zone defines a collection of ESXi hosts that can communicate with each other across a physical network infrastructure. In a cross-vCenter NSX deployment, universal logical switches can be configured to span all vCenters. Accessed 1 Apr. Accessed 31 Mar. Accessed 10 Apr. Accessed 8 Apr. Check your inbox and click the link to complete signin. Check your inbox and click the link to confirm your subscription.
But instead of using a wired Ethernet cable, the virtual machine is connected to the port on the virtual switch by a virtual wire. As with a physical switch, Layer 2 frames enter and exit a vSwitch.
As with a physical switch, a vSwitch has ports organized into port groups. As with a physical switch, a vSwitch has uplink ports. These are physical network adapter ports found within the ESXi host, and connect the virtual switch within the ESXi host to a physical switch. Uplinks connect the virtual switch to the physical world: they move physical 0s and 1s off the host and out into the world.
A virtual switch can have one or more uplinks. Just as you can connect the uplink ports between the two physical switches in the virtual world, you can connect or uplink a virtual switch to a physical switch. A standard switch works like a physical Ethernet switch. It detects which virtual machines are logically connected to each of its virtual ports and uses that information to forward traffic to the correct virtual machines.
A vSphere standard switch consists of port groups, VMkernel adapters, and uplink ports. To provide network connectivity to hosts and virtual machines, you connect the physical NICs of the hosts to uplink ports on the standard switch. Virtual machines have network adapters or vNICs that you connect to port groups on the standard switch. Every port group can use one or more physical NICs to handle its network traffic.
If a port group does not have a physical NIC connected to it, VMs on the same port group can only communicate with each other and not with the external network.
As you can see from this screen shot taken while configuring networking, there are a number of different types of VMkernel ports:. If it is a member of a vSphere cluster, it will also have a VMkernel port for vMotion. The big difference between a Virtual Machine port group and a VMkernel port group is the type of traffic it is passing. A virtual machine port group is just passing your garden variety virtual machine traffic. You can read more about the VMkernel system traffic types in the official vSphere Networking documentation.
Each VMkernel port has its own unique IP address. Now that we have covered most of the basics of vSphere networking, I want to dig a little deeper into a few areas when it comes to our VMware switch configuration. VMware vSwitch Security Settings are something that are often misunderstood. Each of these security settings has two options: reject or accept.
By default, these security settings are set to Reject on this distributed virtual switch port group I have just created. This one almost sounds exactly like it means. This is not secure, however it does have its use cases. If you are running a virtual machine that needs to examine all of the packets, like an intrusion detection system, you would set this option to accept.
There is also the MAC address as specified in the virtual machine, which would be the same as the MAC in the VMX file…unless you have needed to change it for some reason.
As you can see there are some valid use cases where these MAC addresses may be different, and you must set MAC address changes to accept. Otherwise, it should be set to reject since a malicious actor could also wreak havoc in your environment with a spoofed MAC address.
Forged transmits also looks at the MAC addresses of your virtual machines, however is operating on outgoing traffic. Once again, there are valid use cases to set forged transmits to accept, like nested ESXi. In this case, we are going to be sending all sorts of crazy packets! Chris Wahl, who literally wrote the book on VMware networking has a great blog post that explains forged transmits and nested ESXi. When it comes to security policy settings on virtual switches, it is best to leave them set to reject unless you have a specific use case in mind.
If you do have a reason that you would need to set promiscuous mode, MAC address changes, or forged transmits to accept, you probably already know that, and can modify the security settings accordingly. You may also want to take a look at the official VMware documentation on vSwitch security policies.
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